Index
All terms: 97
A
- Address stonesHouse names, property names, and address numbers carved in stone.
- AlabasterA pale, often translucent carving stone. The name covers gypsum alabaster and the banded calcite traditionally called Egyptian alabaster.
- AndesiteA volcanic rock, usually grey or bluish grey, with a fine background and sometimes larger crystals.
- Architectural carvingStone carving made as part of a building, from mouldings and capitals to figures, foliage and other ornament.
- Architectural mosaicsNatural-stone mosaics made for walls, floors and other architectural surfaces.
- Architectural ornamentsCarved architectural details, including gargoyles, finials, keystones, and mouldings.
- ArchitectureThe design and coordination of buildings and spaces, including how stone forms structure, enclosure, surfaces and detail.
B
- BasaltA fine-grained volcanic rock, usually dark grey or black, sometimes with small holes left by gas.
- BirdbathsStone birdbaths and sculptural basins for outdoor spaces.
- BocabecDark, visibly grained gabbro from southwestern New Brunswick, historically sold as “black granite”, with greenish or grey mineral tones.
C
- CalciteA relatively soft mineral, clear or white when pure, with coloured varieties including yellow, orange, pink, green and blue.
- Carrara marbleMarble from the Carrara area of Italy, commonly white to bluish grey, with fine grain and grey veining.
- Carving classesPractical stone-carving classes, workshops, and tuition.
- Commesso in pietre dureStone inlay made from individually cut and closely fitted pieces of coloured stone.
- ConservationThe care of existing stonework to safeguard its material, significance and continued accessibility.
- Conservation planningDocumentation and planning for the conservation of historic masonry.
- Custom mosaicsNatural-stone mosaics designed and made for individual commissions.
- Custom sculptureStone sculpture developed for a private or public commission.
D
- De Lank graniteSilver-grey granite from Cornwall, England, with visible mineral grains; its appearance changes between rough, honed and polished finishes.
- DolomiteA carbonate mineral also found in dolomitic stone, commonly white, cream, grey or pink, with a crystalline texture.
- Dry stone wallingBuilding with carefully selected and arranged stones without mortar or another binding material.
F
- FirepitsStone-built firepits and garden fire features.
- FireplacesStone fireplaces, fireplace surrounds, and outdoor fireplaces.
- FlintA hard, dense form of chert, commonly grey or black with a pale outer crust. It is used as rounded nodules or split faces in walls and decorative masonry.
- FountainsCarved stone fountains and fountain components, including restoration work.
- FurnitureThe design and making of functional objects for sitting, placing, storing or furnishing, here with natural stone.
G
- Garden sculptureSculpture and carved stone features for gardens and outdoor spaces.
- Garden wallsStone walls that enclose, divide, or define garden spaces.
- GraniteA hard, visibly grained stone, commonly grey, pink or red, with contrasting light and dark mineral flecks.
- GreywackeA sandstone of mixed mineral and rock fragments, usually grey to black, sometimes crossed by white quartz veins.
H
- HeadstonesDesign and carving of stone grave markers and headstones.
- HeraldryCoats of arms, crests, and heraldic designs carved in stone.
I
- Indigo-dyed sculptureHand-carved stone sculpture coloured with natural indigo.
- InkstonesCarved inkstones and related objects for preparing ink and writing.
- InscriptionsHand-cut lettering and inscriptions for buildings, monuments, and individual stones.
J
- JadeA tough carving material including nephrite and jadeite, often green but also white, yellow, lavender or black.
L
- Landscape stoneworkStonework designed and made in relation to gardens, landform, paths, planting, water and outdoor places.
- Lapis lazuliA blue ornamental rock, often marked by white calcite and golden pyrite flecks, used for carving and inlay.
- LarvikiteA Norwegian igneous stone, grey to dark grey, with feldspar crystals that can flash blue or silver.
- Lava stoneStone formed from cooled lava, ranging from compact grey or black rock to porous red or brown varieties.
- LetteringThe design and making of letterforms, including letters and inscriptions cut into stone.
- LimestoneA sedimentary stone, often cream, buff or grey, sometimes showing fossils, shell fragments or fine layers.
M
- MarbleA crystalline stone used for carving and polished surfaces, ranging from white and grey to strongly coloured, veined varieties.
- MasonryThe shaping, laying and joining of stone units to form buildings, walls and other constructed elements.
- Masonry repairsRepair and rebuilding of stone walls, buildings, and masonry elements.
- Memorial restorationConservation and restoration of stone memorials and cemetery sculpture.
- MemorialsCommemorative stone works made to remember a person, group, event or shared history.
- Monumental art conservationDocumentation, conservation and rescue of monumental artworks incorporating natural stone.
- Mosaic conservationAssessment and care of existing natural-stone mosaics to preserve their materials and condition.
- Mosaic restorationSpecialist treatment and repair of existing natural-stone mosaics.
N
- Natural stoneStone formed in nature, covering many rocks and minerals; colour, grain, pattern and texture vary with the material.
O
P
- PlaquesOpening plaques, dedication plaques, and commemorative stone panels.
- PondsGarden ponds and koi ponds incorporating natural stone.
- Portland limestoneA creamy white limestone from Dorset, England, with tiny rounded grains and varying amounts of fossil shell.
- Portrait sculpturePortraits of people carved in stone, including busts, full figures, and reliefs.
- Public monumentsStone sculpture and monuments made for public places.
Q
R
- Relief carvingCarving in which figures or patterns remain attached to and project from a background surface.
- Relief panelsDecorative, figurative, or ornamental designs carved in relief.
- RepointingRenewal of mortar joints in stone walls and historic masonry.
- RestorationWork intended to recover the understanding, appearance or use of existing stonework while respecting its surviving material.
- Retaining wallsStone walls built to retain ground and form terraces.
- Rock gardensGardens designed around the placement and composition of natural stone.
S
- Sacred sculptureCarved religious figures, cross-stones, and other devotional stone sculpture.
- SandstoneStone made from cemented sand grains, often cream, buff, brown, red or grey, with a granular texture.
- SchistA layered metamorphic rock with visible mineral flakes, often grey, silvery, greenish or brown, sometimes with a shimmering surface.
- Sculptural objectsIndividual stone artworks and collectible carved objects.
- SculptureThe creation of three-dimensional artistic form, including freestanding, relief, figurative and abstract stone work.
- Sculpture restorationConservation and repair of existing stone sculpture.
- SerpentineStone rich in serpentine minerals, often green with darker mottling or pale veins, and widely used for carving.
- SlateA fine-grained stone that splits into thin sheets, usually grey or black, but also green, purple or red.
- SoapstoneA soft, talc-rich carving stone with a smooth, soapy feel, usually grey, greenish or dark grey.
- SpringstoneA hard Zimbabwean carving stone, usually dark grey to nearly black, which can take a deep, glossy polish.
- Statuario marbleWhite marble from the Carrara area of Italy, distinguished by its bright background and grey veins.
- Stone carvingShaping stone by removing material to create a designed form, surface, image or inscription.
- Stone facadesExterior stonework and stone cladding for buildings.
- Stone furnitureFurniture and functional objects made from carved stone.
- Stone gatewaysCarved stone gateways and entrance structures.
- Stone homewareHousehold objects carved from stone, including bowls, cups, basins and soap dishes.
- Stone inlayDecorative inlay and marquetry made with cut stone.
- Stone lightingLamps and lighting objects made using carved natural stone.
- Stone marquetryImages or patterns made by assembling shaped pieces of contrasting stone into a fitted composition.
- Stone mosaicsImages, patterns or surfaces composed from separate pieces of natural stone, including cut tesserae and pebbles.
- Stone patiosNatural-stone patios and outdoor paved living spaces.
- Stone stepsStone stairs, entrance steps, and the restoration of existing stairways.
- Stone vesselsBowls, vases, and other vessels shaped from natural stone.
- Stone walkwaysGarden paths and pedestrian walkways built with natural stone.
- SundialsSundials and engraved garden timepieces incorporating stone.
T
- TravertineA limestone deposited by mineral-rich water, often cream, beige, golden or reddish brown, with natural pores and layered patterns.
- TuffA stone formed from compacted volcanic ash, often grey, cream, pink or brown, with a fine or fragmental texture.
U
- Utopia GraniteRed to pink granite from southwestern New Brunswick, with visible quartz, feldspar and dark mineral grains.
W
- Walling classesPractical instruction in building and repairing dry stone walls.
- WaterfallsNatural-stone waterfalls and rockwork for garden water features.
- Wildlife habitat structuresDry stone features with built-in niches that provide shelter for small wildlife.